Power Steering Fluid VS Transmission Fluid

Modern automobiles require different fluids for properly running the vehicle. Two of such essential liquids are power steering and transmission fluid.

Car owners tend to get confused between these because both of these are hydraulic fluids. And one of the main questions in the power steering fluid vs transmission fluid debate is whether they can be used interchangeably.

Even though they share some similarities, they are not the same.

If you don’t know how to differentiate them, you can end up damaging the car’s steering or transmission system.

Don’t worry. To help you, I’ve discussed the features that distinguish power steering oil from transmission oil in detail. Read on to find out everything you need to know for drawing a clear distinction between these fluids.

What Is Power Steering Fluid?

Vehicles that have a hydraulic steering system require a power steering liquid. This fluid creates a hydraulic link between the front wheels and the steering wheel. As a result, hydraulic power is transferred from the steering system to the front wheels of the car.

It’s stored inside the steering oil reservoir under the hood. This oil lubricates the components inside the steering system. Hence, you can turn the steering wheel smoothly without putting in much effort.

Moreover, this liquid works to keep the system clean. Other responsibilities of this oil include protecting the seals from wear. High-quality power steering oil can mend leaks on the seals too.

What Is Transmission Fluid?

Transmission fluids are used for lubricating the gears inside the transmission. This fluid supplies friction and pressure for shifting the gears smoothly.

Transmission liquid also acts as a coolant in both manual and automatic systems. It has a high heat-resistant feature. So, the temperature inside the transmission stays under control and the engine runs without wearing out.

Another important responsibility of this fluid is keeping the system clean. It contains detergents that can absorb metal fragments and dirt. Other than these, transmission fluid also lubricates the gears & valves and improves torque operation.

Power Steering Fluid VS Transmission Fluid

The main difference between power steering fluid and transmission is that power steering fluid is a type of hydraulic fluid that create links between hydraulic steering and front wheels to transfer the power. On the other hand, transmission fluid helps the vehicle’s transmission system runs smoothly and effectively.

1. Composition

Even though both are hydraulic fluids, there is a core difference between power steering fluid vs ATF. The formulation of power steering and transmission oil is completely different.

1.1. Power Steering Fluid

This fluid can be either synthetic or non-synthetic. Synthetic steering oils are non-oil-based liquids whereas non-synthetic oils are mineral-based.

Newer vehicles mostly use synthetic fluids. This is because synthetic steering fluid has better lubricity and dynamic viscosity.

Moreover, synthetic fluids provide improved steering response. So, you can enjoy a smooth driving experience.

1.2. Transmission Fluid

Transmission fluids are a complex formulation of various additives along with a petroleum or hydrocarbon base fluid. Typically it is created by mixing crude oil and different forms of hydrocarbon.

But newer synthetic transmission fluids are made by several chemical reactions. And these possess great features such as minimal oxidizing and thinning out even at high temperatures.

Depending on your car model, transmission oil is specified further into MERCON ATF or DEXRON ATF. DEXRON is for General Motors cars and MERCON is for FORD.

2. Area Of Operation

These fluids have different purposes and areas of operation inside the vehicle.

2.1. Power Steering Fluid

Power steering oil is used inside the steering system. The components inside the steering stay lubricated in this fluid.

The primary purpose of this liquid is to supply power to the steering wheels. It also reduces temperature buildup and creates hydraulic pressure to move the steering wheels.

Moreover, this fluid also helps the driver in controlling the front wheels of the vehicle.

2.2. Transmission Fluid

Transmission fluid is used in the automatic transmission system. Here, multiple gears shift automatically with engine demand. This system includes additional moving parts which are more delicate.

For proper operation, transmission fluid flows from the oil pump to the clutches. So, it’s used for power transfer as well as lubrication. Another important purpose of transmission liquid is keeping the transmission clean.

3. Color & Smell

ATF vs power steering fluid differences can clearly be distinguished by their color and smell.

3.1. Power Steering Fluid

This liquid is either clear, amber, or pink in color. And it generally smells of burnt marshmallows.

3.2. Transmission Fluid

Transmission oil is generally red in color. When it gets polluted it goes dark brown or black. You’ll get different sweet smells from different brands of transmission fluid.

4. Replacement

Over time and with prolonged use these fluids get polluted and lose their ability to perform optimally. So, checking and replacing them at required intervals is necessary to keep your car in its best shape.

4.1. Power Steering Fluid

Power steering liquid does not get polluted easily. So, you don’t have to replace it often. However, with time and use this fluid can get worn out. Moreover, if there is some other damage in your engine and it generates too much heat, this fluid can start to oxidize.

The old fluid does not provide as much power or lubricating effect. As a result, the entire steering system can get damaged. Hence, it’s recommended to change this fluid after 62,000 miles or five years of driving.

As you don’t have to replace it frequently, you should use high-quality steering oil. This will prolong your power steering system’s lifespan.

4.2. Transmission Fluid

Transmission fluid is generally operated at a higher temperature than steering fluid. So, it breaks down sooner than power steering oil.

In high temperatures, metal from the gears wears off and gets absorbed in the transmission fluid. With time the fluid gets so polluted that it can’t provide a cooling or lubricating effect anymore. As a result, the transmission gets overheated and can end up in engine failure.

Even though some manufacturers claim transmission fluid can last the lifetime of a car, you should check the fluid level every 30,000 to 100,000 miles.

5. Additives

One of the key differences between power steering and transmission fluid is that transmission fluid includes several additives and power steering fluid doesn’t.

5.1. Power Steering Fluid

This fluid does not include any additives like detergents or modifiers. So, it cannot trap dirt or debris coming from outside. So, the steering fluid gets contaminated. However, it can provide a lubricating effect to minimize friction.  

5.2. Transmission Fluid

Different detergents are added to the transmission oil to increase its cleaning capability. The detergent can absorb metal contaminants and filter dirt from entering the fluid.

This fluid also has friction modifiers. These manage the excess temperature and pressure. As a result, the valves stay protected from damage.

FAQ

Wrapping It Up

Changing power steering and transmission fluid is necessary for receiving optimum performance from your vehicle. For using the proper fluids in your vehicle, knowing the difference between power steering fluid vs transmission fluid is a must.

Steering and transmission fluids vary in many different aspects. While the former facilitates smooth steering operation, the latter keeps the transmission system lubricated and protected.